European Communities

European Communities
Intergovernmental organization
← ← ← 1967–2009 →
Anthem Ode to Joy
Location of European Communities
Capital	Brussels
Status	Intergovernmental organization
Commission President
- 1967	Walter Hallstein
- 1967-1970	Jean Rey
- 1970-1972	Franco Malfatti
- 1972-1973	Sicco Mansholt
- 1973-1977	François-Xavier Ortoli
- 1977-1981	Roy Jenkins
Legislature	Legislature
- Upper house	Council of Ministers
- Lower house	European Parliament
History
- January 1, 1958	Rome Treaty
- July 1, 1967	Merger Treaty
- July 1, 1987	Single European Act
- Maastricht Treaty	November 1, 1993
- May 1, 1999	Amsterdam Treaty
- February 1, 2003	Nice Treaty
- December 1, 2009	Lisbon Treaty
Area	4,324,782 km²
Currency	Euro
EEC  Euratom  ECSC	European Union
v

The European Communities (1967-2009) was the personality under which three separate intergovernmental organizations operated in Europe.

In 1967 the institutions of the European Economic Community, the European Coal and Steel Community and Euratom were merged together. This meant that while they technically continued to exist separate from each other they were governed together as a single personality. By the Maastricht Treaty in 1993 the European Communities became part of an expanded institutional framework, as one of three pillars of the European Union.

The European Communities continued as a pillar of the European Union until the Lisbon Treaty entered into force in 2009. Euratom continues to share institutions with the European Union, even if the European Communities is no longer used as a name for that institutional cooperation.

Timeline

Signed In force Document

1948 1948 Brussels Treaty

1949 1949 London Agreement

1951 1952 Paris Treaty

1954 1955 Modified Brussels Treaty

1957 1958 Rome treaties

1965 1967 Merger Treaty

1975 N/A European Council conclusion

1985 1985 Schengen Treaty

1986 1987 Single European Act

1992 1993 Maastricht Treaty

1997 1999 Amsterdam Treaty

2001 2003 Nice Treaty

2007 2009 Lisbon Treaty

Three pillars of the European Union:

European Communities: (EC)

European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM)

Allied Autorities

Ruhr Authority (IAR)

European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)

Treaty expired in 2002

European Union (EU)

European Economic Community (EEC)

Schengen Area

European Economic Community (EC)

TREVI

Justice and Home Affairs (JHA)

Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCC)

European Political Cooperation (EPC)

Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)

Unconsolidated bodies

Western European Union (WEU)

Treaty terminated in 2011

References

• The World Factbook (CIA)
  
• Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments (CIA)
  
• BBC News Country Profile
  
• World Statesmen.org
  
• Wikipedia